Hello and welcome to exampundit. Here is the first essay for IBPS PO Descriptive 2017 aced by Pallavi.
In the rainy season rivers and canals are full to the brim. Sometimes water rises so high that it overflows the banks. Fields, and sometimes houses, lies under water. This great rise of water is called a flood. Here are some things that can be done to protect homes and communities from the damage caused by flooding. Floods can be prevented with proper planning and adoption of effective mitigation measures, particularly in areas prone to flooding.
1) Improving Drainage:Improving water drainage helps control floods by facilitating easy flow of excess water, especially in urban areas during flash floods. It can be improved by rehabilitating and cleaning water drainage systems, including removing solid waste from drainage systems. Effective drainage systems can ensure flood waters find a clear waterway, leading to non-risk areas.
2) Building Dikes and Levees:Dikes and levees are flood-control structures built to fight river flooding and water surges. Dikes and levees restrain rivers during floods by providing artificial water channels that prevent runoffs from bursting floodplains.
3) Building Canals: Canals are artificial water channels that can be crucial to flood prevention. Canals facilitate control of water levels passing through, and form linear reservoirs and water locks. Canals can also be used to lock excess flood waters in its linear reservoirs to prevent flooding and store water for future use.
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4) Harvesting Rain Water: Harvesting rainwater involves collecting and storing rainwater and can not only prevent floods, it can also curb urban water scarcity. Rain water harvesting is carried out in different ways, including building ponds, storm drains, water retention basins and flood-control dams.
5) Detention basin:These are small reservoirs built and connected to waterways. They provide a temporary storage for floodwaters. This means in an event of flooding, water is drained into the basin first, giving people more time to evacuate.
6) Education:In many developing countries, drainage systems are chocked with litter and people have little knowledge of the effects that can have during a rain. When it rains, waterways and culverts are blocked by massive chunks of litter and debris, and water finds its way into the streets and into people's homes.
Education is therefore very important, to inform and caution people about the dangers of floods, what causes floods, and what can be done to minimise its impact. The Central Government Mechanism includes several organizations and various expert committees to enable the State Governments in addressing flood problems.
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